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Table 2 Median scores of the control and training groups. Score = time + penalty points; lower scores represent better performance, Mann–Whitney test

From: Laparoscopic skills simulator: construct validity and establishment of performance standards for residency training

Task 

Control group

Training group

Baseline test score (range)

Final test score (range)

P

Baseline test score (range)

Final test score (range)

P

Pipe cleaner

250 (155–892)

170 (76–620)

0.17

314 (126–900)

48 (33–105)

0.002

Rubber band

151 (79–488)

142 (35–488)

0.48

190 (89–484)

49 (22–72)

0.002

Beads

608 (371–1454)

363 (205–859)

0.009

734 (474–1,558)

227(168–420)

0.001

Cutting circle

455 (217–754)

254 (169–469)

0.03

426 (310–520)

148 (89–244)

<0.000

Knot tying

416 (279–1,363)

366 (232–605)

0.17

597 (383–930)

194 (105–298)

<0.000

Sum score

1,978 (1,278–4,745)

1,386 (841–2,940)

0.75

2,403 (1,947–2,931)

720 (497–971)

<0.000