Fig. 3
From: Feasibility and construct validity of a novel laparoscopic skills testing and training model
Exercise 2 (laparoscopic camera navigation and laparoscopic forceps handling). The participants’ ability to navigate a laparoscopic camera with a 0° optic with the NDH and to handle a laparoscopic forceps with the DH was evaluated by measuring their ability to grasp, transport, position and introduce pre-defined objects into pre-defined targets in the LASTT model (a). The numbers of objects transported in 2 min were recorded. In Study 1 (b), participants specifically recruited for the study performed 30 consecutive repetitions so that the learning curves and the construct validity could be evaluated. Participants were classified as novices (green symbols) or experts (blue symbols). Median values (interquartile range) of each repetition are presented. In Study 2 (c), large-scale testing was conducted during skill evaluation workshops at international gynaecological meetings so that the construct validity could be evaluated. Median values (minimum, interquartile range, maximum) of triplicate observations are presented