Table 2 Reported risks for PROM following fetoscopic procedures in selected case series

MMC

3

67%

3.8 mm

Kohl [18]

4

33%

3 ports, largest 5.0 mm

Bruner [19]

LUTO

10

17%

1.3 mm

Welsh [20]

13

13%

≤2.6 mm

Quintero [21]

ABS

2

100%

3.3 mm

Soldado [22]

2

100%

4.0 mm

Keswani [23]

2

50%

2.7 mm

Quintero [24]

Placental laser

4 (TTTS)

75%

5.0 mm

Kohl (secondary laser) [25]

6 (TTTS)

33%

3.3 mm

Van Schoubroeck (triplets only) [26]

175 (TTTS)

28% (<34 weeks)

3.3 mm

Yamamoto and Ville [27]

7% (<1 week)

20 (TTTS)

5% (<28 weeks)

3.3 mm

Crombleholme [28]

24 (TTTS)

4%

4.0 mm

Chang [29]

6 (TRAP)

0% (<3 weeks)

2.0 mm

Quintero [30]

CO

80

38%

2.3 or 3.3 mm

Lewi (bipolar/laser) [31]

4

25%

2.7 mm

Ville (laser) [32]

39

20% (<3 weeks)

3.5 mm

Quintero (ligation ± transection/laser) [30]

25

16% (<3 weeks)

3.5 mm (1 or 2 ports)

Nakata (ligation/laser) [33]

12

8%

3.0 mm

Young (bipolar) [34]

FETO

11

100%

5.0 mm (1 or 3 ports)

Harrison [35]

210

47%

3.0 mm

Jani [36]

17% (<3 weeks)