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Table 1 Characteristics of the reviewed researches

From: Repeat midurethral sling treatment for prior midurethral sling failure

Study

Sample (n)

Age (years) or mean, and range or SD

Prior surgery

Repeat surgery

Time to repeat surgery (months) or mean, and range or SD

UD finding before repeat surgery

Outcomes/conclusions

Riachi et al. [19]

2

64

MMK urethropexy, allograft fascial sling, TVT

TVT (previous TVT tape was not identified)

8

Q-tip = 40°, UD confirmed SUI

Remained continence on 13-month follow-up

71

Autologous fascial sling, TVT

TVT (previous TVT tape was found)

9

UD confirmed SUI with ISD

SUI completely resolved on 6-month follow-up

Villet et al. [10]

2 of 3

54

TVT

TVT(previous TVT was not identified)

18

Patient gained 6 kg; positive stress test with urethral hypermobility

At 12 months follow-up, the patient is still continent

73

Burch colpopexy, TVT

TVT (previous TVT tape was found)

8

No mention may be due to persistent SUI

At 4 months follow-up, the patient is continent

Eandi et al. [13]

10

65.1 (range 43–80)

TVT 5 cases, TOT 5 cases

All TVT

14 (3–32)

VLPP (cmH2O)

Follow-up at a mean of 16 months (range 6–33); 7 patients (70%) reported complete or improved continence and quality of life, 3 patients failed; second TVT may be a viable option after failure of initial MUS procedure

<60, 3 cases

60–100, 4 cases

>100, 3 cases

Moore et al. [14]

5

66.3 (range 56–76)

TOT (initial TOT in 4 cases, and 1 with h/o failed Burch, combined pelvic reconstruction in 4 cases)

All TVT

3 (1–7)

Diagnosis of ISD for 5 patients (ISD, MUCP <20 cmH2O or VLPP <65 cmH2O)

All five patients successfully treated with repeat TVT; TVT may be more appropriate treating patients with ISD because TVT offered more acute retropubic angle

Tsivian et al. [15]

12

64.3 (range 47–80)

TVT 9, TOT 1, IVS 2

TVT 5, TOT 3, IVS 4

21.4 (1–48)

4 cases of VLPP <60 cmH2O, 8 cases of mobile urethra

11 patients (91.7%) achieved continence after repeat MUS (mean follow-up of 23.2, range 14–44); the choice of MUS procedure is a matter of surgeon’s preference; the timing of repeat MUS is no delay

Lee et al. [16]

29

54.1 ± 10.8 (SD)

Retropubic route—TVT 17

Retropubic route—TVT 13

20.0 ± 16.9

In patients with UD examination, increased VLPP (mean ± SD, 55.4 ± 22.6 cmH2O) after initial MUS procedure (35.6 ± 12.9)

Total cure rates: 22/29 (75.9%) at mean follow-up of 13 months; cure rates: retropubic (12/13, 92.3%) vs. transobturator (10/16, 62.5%) with p = 0.0089; transobturator approach: TVT-O (6/8, 75%) vs. TOT (4/8, 50%) with significant p = 0.048

Transobturator route—TOT 6, TVT-O 6

Transobturator route—TOT 8, TVT-O 8

Palva and Nilsson [20]

20

61 ± 9 (SD)

All TVT (tape material—Teflon 3, Mersilene 5, polypropylene 13)

All TVT (Gynecare, J&J)

57 ± 32

Stress test (−) in 15 patients, pad test was negative in 13 patients; both stress and pad test (−) in 11 patients

5 years follow-up of repeat TVT revealed a 75% (15/20) objective cure or improvement rate; inadequate tape material, inadequate surgical technique, patients’ medical condition, and unrecognized reasons may cause the failed primary TVT

Van Baelen and Delaere [22]

21

56 (range 33–77)

TVT 5, TOT 16

All TOT

18

Urodynamic study performed, but no mention of the report

Failure rate was 30% in repeat TOT surgery; the transobturator approach seems to show poorer outcomes than the retropubic approach in repeat sling surgery

  1. MMK Marshall–Marchetti–Krantz urethropexy, UD urodynamic study, VLPP Valsalva leak point pressure, ISD intrinsic sphincter deficiency, MUCP maximum urethral closure pressure, MUS midurethral sling, TVT tension-free vaginal tape, TOT transobturator tape, IVS intravaginal slingplasty