Table 10 Stoma required before, during, and after surgery

Alvez Pereira et al. [20]

0

Bailey et al. [21]

0

Bassi et al. [22]

0

Brouwer and Woods [23]

X7, loop ileostomy was required (5 %).

Coronado et al. [24]

0

Darai et al. [25]

X5 colostomy and a Hartmann procedure in one (6.9 %).

Darai et al. [26]

NA

Donnez et al. [27]

0

Donnez and Squifflet [28]

0

Dousset et al. [29]

X96 defunctioning ileostomy was done.

Dubernard et al. [30]

X6 (5 of rectovaginal fistula colostomy and the last had Hartmann procedure)

Duepree et al. [31]

X1, due to combined ileal and rectal injury

Fedele et al. [32]

0

Ford et al. [33]

X2 temporary (one intraoperative) and the second postoperatively (rectal perforation)

Hollett-Caines et al. [34]

0

Jatan [35]

X2

Kavallaris et al. [36]

X2, Ileostomy (left for 4 months)

Keckstein and Wiesinger [37]

NA

Kondo et al. [38]

X1, protective ileostomy

Maytham et al. [39]

X1, temporary defunctioning loop colostomy

Mereu et al. [40]

X3 ,temporary ileostomy,2 temporary colostomy

Meuleman et al. [41]

0

Minelli et al. [42]

X41, temporary ileostomy X41 (11.5 %)

Mohr et al. [43]

X2, ileostomy done preoperatively

Nezhat et al. [44]

0

Pandis et al. [45]

X2, Ileostomy

Redwine and Wright [46]

0

Reich et al. [47]

No data

Ribeiro et al. [48]

0

Ruffo et al. [49]

X61 primary ileostomy, 8 required permanent ileostomy, colostomy X2, Hartmannx1

Slack et al. [50]

X3 temporary

Stepniewska et al. [51]

0

Tarjanne et al. [52]

NA

Varol et al. [53]

X1, closed after 10 weeks after healing of rectovaginal fistula

Weed and Ray [54]

X3 temporary, one permanent

Wills et al. [55]

X3 ileostomies, one elective and 2 due to anastomotic leak